問:社會福利署街上宣傳橫額說:Respect and love the elders(敬老愛老),the elders 是不是應改為the elderly,或把elders之前的the字刪去?
答:The elders或the elderly都是正確說法。以形容詞指某一類人、物,那形容詞之前循例要加the,例如:Actually, the government does not care a damn about the poor(政府對貧困者其實漠不關心)。The elderly就是the poor、the blind(失明者)、the deaf and dumb(聾啞者)一樣的詞語結構。
至於the elders,那the字也不應刪去。眾數名詞,不冠以the,是泛指某一類人、物;冠以the,則是統稱某一類人、物。例如:(1)There are ravens everywhere(處處都有烏鴉)。(2)Consider the ravens: they never sow nor reap, they have neither storehouse nor barn, and yet God feeds them(你看,烏鴉不事播種,不事收成,沒有倉儲,沒有庫積,也獲上帝養活)。例句二引自《聖經.路加福音》第十二章,the ravens是指烏鴉這類動物;例句一的ravens沒有the,則是泛指烏鴉。
請再看以下兩句:(1)Our centre provides day care for elders(本中心有日間照顧老人服務)。(2)The government has the duty to provide care for the elders(政府有責任照顧老人)。第一句的elders泛指老人,所以不用the;第二句的elders指所有老人,所以用the。